Possessive Compulsive Disorder

I am sure that many of you are familiar with the old adage “possession is nine tenths of the law.” Unfortunately, this adage does not adequately convey the meaning of “possess” in ASL. Possession has important consequences for both fire and movement, but I will focus on movement here. Granted possession is not a difficult concept to grasp, but the implications of possession may be less obvious. In order to understand these implications, you also need to understand a number of related ASL terms, namely drop, Recover¹ and move. But let’s begin with possess.

Possession

To “possess” a support weapon (SW) or Gun is to have exclusive rights to portage, fire, repair and destroy it. Portage² is the ASL term used to indicate that a unit is carrying something while expending Movement Factors (MF). In contrast, the term “possess” simply indicates which unit has exclusive rights to a SW/Gun. For ease, I will explain these terms as they relate to SW, although most of what I have to say applies equally to Guns. 

You show possession by placing the SW on top of the unit that possesses it.³ Interestingly, your units do not have to be Good Order to possess a SW. A unit in Melee, for instance, retains possession of its SW. Even broken and wounded units maintain possession,⁴ although they may need to drop some or all SW before moving or routing. In this respect, possession is not always contingent upon the ability of a unit to portage a SW.

Drop

The term “drop” has two meanings in ASL. One corresponds to the physical act of dropping a SW while portaging it during the Movement Phase (MPh). In sequence of play terms, “during” means that the unit was moving when it dropped the SW, and by “moving,” I mean that the unit expended at least 1 MF before it discarded the SW. Notice that I said, “expended.” A unit is considered moving whenever it expends a MF, regardless of whether or not it actually moves anywhere. This will make more sense in a moment, so bear with me.

The second meaning of “drop” is more akin to abandoning or leaving a SW behind. For example, because a leader cannot carry greater than two Portage Points (PP)—even with the help of another leader—he does not so much drop a heavy machine gun (HMG), as leave it behind. In the same way, a squad may leave a SW behind at the start of its MPh—that is, drop the SW before expending any MF. In this case, the SW is considered not to have been possessed at the start of the phase. The technical term in ASL for a weapon that is not possessed is “unpossessed.”

Recover

If you agree that to drop a SW is to relinquish possession, then to Recover a SW is to claim possession. Although you can Recover (or Transfer, but not drop) a SW during the Rally Phase (RPh), I am concerned here with Recovery as it occurs within the context of the MPh of a particular unit or stack.

An unpinned and unbroken unit may attempt to Recover a SW in its hex (or Location, if using the complete ASL rule set) at any point during its MPh by expending a MF and making a successful Recovery die roll. But if my unit fumbles, there is no second try.

I am limited to one Recovery attempt per unit, per SW, per MPh. What my unit can—or cannot—do with a SW afterwards depends on the status of the SW when it was Recovered. If a SW was unpossessed at the start of the MPh, or if it was dropped by a unit before the unit expended any MF, its new owner may move the SW to another hex. But if the SW was moved earlier in the MPh, it cannot be moved again, although it may be Recovered.⁵

Move

Therefore, even a failed attempt to Recover a SW constitutes movement by the unit attempting Recovery, because a unit must expend a MF to make the attempt. This can have some unintended consequences. For example, if my squaddies possessed a HMG when they failed to Recover a demolition charge (DC), the HMG is said to have moved during the MPh. It does not matter that my squad did not actually move anywhere before making the Recovery attempt. Nor would it matter if my squad were to stay put for the rest of the MPh. In all cases, the HMG is considered to have moved because the squad expended a MF while it had the HMG in its possession.⁶

Now imagine that I told my butter-finger squaddies to drop the HMG and head elsewhere. At this point I could have another unit try to Recover the HMG. But if I did this, the new owner would have to end its movement if it succeeded. To be more specific, the new owner would be prohibited from expending any further MF during the MPh. Because my dunderhead squaddies foolishly “moved” the HMG before they dropped it, and because a SW cannot be moved more than once in the same MPh, the unit now in possession of the HMG must end its MPh. All this is to say that the point at which a unit drops or Recovers a SW, and therefore relinquishes or claims possession of it, has significant implications for the subsequent movement of the SW. 

The timing of a “drop” or Recovery attempt can also have significant consequences for the unit that possessed or possesses it. I have touched on one of these consequences. I will leave the rest for another article. However, it should be clear from this short piece that possession in ASL is closer to “ten-tenths of the law.”

Notes

1. The terms Recover/Recovery/Transfer are capitalized in the ASL Rule Book 2nd edition (ASLRB2), but not in the ASL Starter Kit (ASLSK) rule booklets.

2. The word "portage" is derived from the Old French verb porter, meaning to carry. It is a good choice for ASL because it has two primary connotations. The first is the act of carrying or transporting something. The second is the cost of carrying or transporting something. See my article “Learning to Carry Your Weight" for an explanation of these concepts as they apply to ASL.

3. Showing possession in Deluxe ASL is slightly different, owing to the larger hexes, but essentially follows the same principle [J2.12].

4. Remember that broken units no longer respond to direction from their commanders and tend to hold onto weapons unless pressed. Granted they will drop excess kit if they rout, but “brokies” usually are reluctant to part with SW in their care. In the real world, persuasive individuals may be able to convince otherwise unresponsive troops to relinquish possession of their SW. Consequently, the ASLRB2 has provisions for Recovering SW possessed by friendly broken Infantry [A4.44]; ASLSK does not.

5. Perry Cocke, the resident dean of ASL, is arguably the last word on the interpretation of ASL rules. In 2007, he clarified that if a unit expends any MF while it possesses a SW, the SW is considered to have moved during that MPh. Otherwise, the SW has remained stationary. Perry Cocke’s reply to Will Fleming’s post on GameSquad forums, 2 September 2007. Mr. Cocke is a co-owner of Multi-man Publishing, the official publisher of all things ASL. His authoritative reputation where rules are concerned has led to his considerable body of judgements on game play to become known as Perry Sez. A rule interpretation often stands or falls simply because Perry says so.

6. One unintended consequence of “moving” the HMG during the MPh is that the HMG cannot be fired during the Advancing Fire Phase (AFPh). Had the squad possessing the HMG dropped it before attempting to Recover the DC, another unit could have attempted to Recover the HMG. If successful, and provided the unit that Recovered the HMG did not expend any further MF, the HMG would be eligible to fire in the AFPh, albeit as Area Fire—for firing in the AFPh.

Life on the Edge

The following post is an excerpt from my article “Getting a Move On.” I have chosen it as my first Advanced Squad Leader Starter Kit (ASLSK) post for a couple of reasons. First, it deals with some very basic concepts of Infantry movement. Second, it is a subject that is too often overlooked.

Those of you who only own the first Starter Kit (ASLSK1) will be perplexed and surprised to find that subsequent ASLSK rule booklets have spelled out how to enter the mapboard: perplexed, because entry is somewhat intuitive; and surprised, because there is indeed more to entering the board than you may have suspected. Then there is the matter of exiting.¹

Entry

Units may enter from off-board, either at the start of a game, or later as dictated by the scenario. Entry is a two-step process. It begins before the start of the Rally Phase (RPh) of the player turn in which your units are permitted to enter.² Imagine that you are the ATTACKER—the player whose turn it is to move. Before you conduct any RPh actions, you first set up any off-board units that are scheduled to enter during your turn. You place these units in hypothetical hexes adjacent to the mapboard edge(s), in accordance with the entry restrictions on the scenario card.  

In order to get the most out of your upcoming movement phase (MPh), you need to be aware of several  aspects that are unique to off-board terrain. ASLSK treats all off-board hexes as Open Ground for setup and movement purposes, including entry and exit. This means that your Infantry units will expend 1 MF per hex while moving off-board. The major exception to this standardized off-board terrain is that on-board roads are said to extend off-board for the purpose of road bonus. This can be useful when entering (and exiting), just be mindful of stacking limits, which apply equally off-board.³

In the next step your units actually enter the mapboard. Your units have the option of entering either during the MPh or the Advance Phase (APh)⁴ of your turn. Although they may not perform any other actions while off-board,⁵ your units may move off-board during the MPh. As long as they remain off-board, your units remain out of enemy Line of Sight (LOS), and therefore are invulnerable to enemy fire of any kind. But as with on-board movement, your units may not exceed their MF allotment while moving off-board, although leader and road bonuses may still apply.⁶ 

Off-board movement

There are a number of reasons why you may want or need to expend MF while off-board. Stacking limits, for instance, periodically require that you position your units in echelon (one behind the other) in order to enter along a road, or because you are compelled (or desire) to enter successive units on a narrow frontage. In this case, some units will not be set up adjacent to the board edge and will have to expend MF off-board just to reach the board edge. 

Another good use of off-board movement is to sidestep on-board unpleasantness. Imagine that your opponent fires at one of your units as it enters the mapboard, leaving Residual Firepower (FP) in a board-edge hex that you now prefer to avoid.⁷ “No problem,” you say, “I'll just enter my next unit either side of this hex.” And you would be correct. However, you have more options than that. First, you can defer entry until the APh and enter the board not only when the Residual FP is no longer a concern, but also when the enemy can no longer fire upon your units. Second, you can move your remaining units laterally off-board and enter at a more convenient point. Or third, you can shift your units to either side of the tactical hiccup, remain off-board, and enter during the APh. 

Hidden units present another problem —and opportunity—for your units as they enter the mapboard. In scenarios where an enemy unit is permitted to set up hidden in a mapboard-edge hex, it is possible that one of your units may stumble upon a hidden unit as it enters the mapboard.⁸ If this occurs, your unit is returned unharmed to its initial off-board hex where it ends its MPh. (Note that, as per the example in figure below, this unit may nevertheless enter the mapboard during the APh.) In light of this revelation, you may want to change the points of entry of other units that have yet to enter, in order to avoid entering either side of the newly revealed enemy unit. After all, braving Point Blank Fire (PBF)⁹ is usually bad for morale. But as troublesome as the sudden appearance of a hidden unit may be, its appearance also presents you with new opportunities.

Off-board movement can provide an ATTACKER with sufficient flexibility to not only adapt to changes in the tactical situation, but also capitalize on these changes. For example, finding a hidden enemy unit early in your MPh allows you to move your remaining units with less risk. Additionally, this discovery may also provide you with an opportunity to eliminate the enemy unit. However, the advantages of off-board movement can really come to the fore when your opponent malfunctions a key SW, or an enemy unit cowers.¹⁰ In such cases, off-board movement may allow you to shift units safely off-board and enter where they can gain the most from your opponent's misfortune. 

There are a couple of caveats, however. First, your units cannot use off-board movement to circumvent a restrictive entry condition. If the scenario card states, for instance, that you must enter along the east edge, you cannot use off-board movement to enter along a different board edge. Similarly, if your forces must enter on or between rows “F” and “K,” you cannot enter—even during the APh—on any hex that falls outside of these limits. The second caveat is that if any of your units fail to enter, or decline entry—on the turn in which they are scheduled to arrive—they are eliminated.

The figure below illustrates some of the ways that Infantry can enter the playing area proper during the MPh, and the APh.

Exiting

Leaving the mapboard is simple. A unit can exit voluntarily if it is Good Order (GO) and exits in order to fulfil a particular scenario Victory Condition.¹¹ Otherwise a unit cannot exit. Normally, only the forces belonging to the Scenario Attacker will be required, and therefore permitted, to exit. Furthermore, all units must abide by any exit restrictions noted on the scenario card. Should a unit be forced to leave the mapboard for any other reason, it is eliminated. Lastly, because off-board hexes are treated as Open Ground, the cost for Infantry to exit is always 1 MF, and the road bonus may apply.

I recommend that you play scenario S4 “Welcome Back” from ASLSK1, as the Germans. The scenario requires both sides to maneuver. The Germans not only enter from off-board, but also have to exit in order to win. This will provide you with an opportunity to practice your moves and display some off-board finesse.

Notes

1. The happy souls who own both ASLSK2 and ASLSK3 will note that the mapboard entry and exit rules are located in different parts of the rule book. The switch was required to make these rules more inclusive, as all units, including vehicles, are subject to the same entry and exit rules.

2. The word “player” was omitted in section 3.3 of the ASLSK2 rule booklet. This may have led some to believe, incorrectly, that units slated for off-board entry must be set up in the RPh of the game turn in which they are due to enter.

3. The rationale for setting up units for entry before the RPh is that it prevents a player from taking advantage of any change in the tactical situation brought about by events in the RPh and the PFPh. If you find entry from off-board confusing, butt a spare board along the entry edge and set your units up on the spare. If you are playing online using VASL, add another board and crop it so that it is only a few hexes deep. Note that the off-board landscape in ASLSK is a slight departure from the ASLRB2 [EX: A2.51; A2.6]. 

4. I review the APh (and the Close Combat Phase) in my article “Up Close and Personal.”

5. There is no provision for deploying squads into two HS in the ASLSK rule set.

6. Double Time is also permitted.

7. My article “Stop! or I'll Shoot” explains Residual FP.

8. Although rare, S24 “Sherman Marches West” (ASLSK3) does raise the prospect of such an occurrence. Although the probability is low that a German player would do so, the Anti-Tank Gun in this scenario may be set up hidden in a board-edge woods hex along the west edge of board t.  

9. Refer note 10 below.

10. Among other things, my article “Ready, Aim, Fire!” examines pinning, the perils of moving in the open or along roads, PBF, cowering, and SW malfunction.

11. A Recalled armored fighting vehicle (AFV) exits involuntarily per section 7.10 in ASLSK3.